宾语从句PPT
宾语从句的概念宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,是指在一个完整的句子中,又嵌套了一个完整的句子,这个嵌套的句子就被称为宾语从句。通常,这个嵌套的句子是放...
宾语从句的概念宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,是指在一个完整的句子中,又嵌套了一个完整的句子,这个嵌套的句子就被称为宾语从句。通常,这个嵌套的句子是放在一个及物动词或者介词的后面,作为该句子的宾语。例如:I think (that) she is beautifulWe learned from him that the earth is round在上面的两个例子中,“that she is beautiful”和“that the earth is round”都是宾语从句。宾语从句的引导词引导宾语从句的词语通常有:that, if, whether, who, what, which, when, where, why, how等。这些词语在宾语从句中起到了引导和连接的作用。例如:I don't know who he isThey are not sure whether they can come or notI will show you how this machine works在上面的三个例子中,“who he is”,“whether they can come or not”和“how this machine works”都是宾语从句,分别由“who”,“whether”和“how”引导。宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中,语序通常采用陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。这是因为宾语从句通常表达一个完整的思想,而不是一个疑问或者感叹。例如:I asked him where he was bornDo you know what time the train leaves?在上面的两个例子中,“where he was born”和“what time the train leaves”都是宾语从句,都是采用陈述句语序。宾语从句的时态在宾语从句中,时态的选择要根据从句表达的时间与主句的时间关系来确定。通常,如果从句表达的时间是在主句动作之前,那么从句应该使用过去的时态;如果从句表达的时间与主句动作同时发生,那么从句应该使用现在时态;如果从句表达的时间是在主句动作之后,那么从句应该使用将来的时态。此外,在虚拟语气中,从句也可以使用过去时态、现在时态或者将来时态。例如:He said that he was born in 1990.(现在时态)They knew that they had finished the work.(过去时态)I will tell you what I have seen.(现在完成时态)She suggested that they should go there.(虚拟语气)He dreams that he will become a doctor.(将来时态)在上面的五个例子中,“that he was born in 1990”,“that they had finished the work”,“what I have seen”,“that they should go there”和“that he will become a doctor”都是宾语从句,分别使用了现在时态、过去时态、现在完成时态、虚拟语气和将来时态。